UK Citizenship Practice Test 2026 - Free Citizenship Practice Questions and Study Guide

The Fenians were a key Irish nationalist group in the 19th century that advocated for complete independence from the United Kingdom. Formed in the mid-19th century, they were part of a broader movement aimed at establishing an Irish Republic. The movement was rooted in the desire for social and political equality and was particularly influenced by the experiences of Irish people under British rule.

The Fenians were known for their secretive and militant approach to achieving their goals, which included a number of armed uprisings and attempts to establish a revolutionary government. They distinguished themselves from other groups, such as the Home Rulers, who sought greater autonomy within the UK rather than outright independence. Unionists, typically associated with Northern Ireland, actually opposed Irish nationalism, advocating instead for the maintenance of the union with Britain. Republicans, while also pushing for independence, gained prominence later in the 20th century, particularly during the Irish War of Independence.

Thus, the Fenians represent the group that most clearly aligned with the movement for complete independence during the 19th century.